Math — Study Sheet

1

🔄 Symmetry & Transformations

🪞 Reflection Flip over a line (mirror image)

🔃 Rotation Turn around a point (90°, 180°, 270°)

➡️ Translation Slide in any direction (shape stays the same)

All 3 transformations keep the shape the SAME size. Only position or orientation changes!

2

📐 Triangles & Angles

Equilateral3 equal sides
3 equal angles (60° each)

Isosceles2 equal sides
2 equal angles

ScaleneNo equal sides
No equal angles

RightOne 90° angle
(right angle)

AcuteLess than 90°

RightExactly 90°

ObtuseMore than 90°

All 3 angles of any triangle always add up to 180°!

3

➗ Fractions

Same denominator: add/subtract only the numerator
The denominator never changes

3/8 + 4/8 = 7/8 | 9/10 − 3/10 = 6/10

Numerical expressions: follow order of operations
Parentheses first, then × ÷, then + −

Example: (3 + 2) × 4 = 5 × 4 = 20
Example: 3 + 2 × 4 = 3 + 8 = 11

Read the expression carefully — parentheses change everything!

4

⏱️ Measurement

Time conversions
60 seconds	= 1 minute
60 minutes	= 1 hour
24 hours	= 1 day
7 days	= 1 week
12 months	= 1 year
365 days	= 1 year

Length units
1 km	= 1,000 m
1 m	= 100 cm
1 m	= 1,000 mm
1 cm	= 10 mm

To convert big → small: multiply. Small → big: divide.

5

📊 Data & Problem Solving

📊 Bar / Column graph
Compares quantities across categories.
Taller bar = bigger value.
Read: title → axes → find bar → read value.

📈 Line graph
Shows change over time.
Line going up = increasing.
Read: title → axes → find point → read value.

📋 Data table
Organizes data in rows and columns.
Find value: row ∩ column.
Always check what each row/column represents.

🔢 Solving word problems
1. Read the question carefully
2. Find the data in the graph/table
3. Choose the operation (+, −, ×, ÷)
4. Show your work and check the answer

Always read the title and axis labels FIRST — they tell you what the data is about!